8.区块链系列之hardhat框架部署合约(二)

现在我们来实践hardhat部署合约中的其他更多技术要点

1. 代码方式验证合约

• 注册https://etherscan.io/, 如下图添加拷贝API_KEY

• 在.env文件中新增ETHERSCAN_API_KEY

ETHERSCAN_API_KEY=API_KEY【刚才注册的key】

• hardhat.config.js中新增配置

const ETHERSCAN_API_KEY = process.env.ETHERSCAN_API_KEYmodule.exports = {etherscan: {apiKey: ETHERSCAN_API_KEY}};

• 覆盖deploy.js

// importsconst { ethers, run, network } = require("hardhat")// async mainasync function main() {const SimpleStorageFactory = await ethers.getContractFactory("SimpleStorage")console.log("Deploying contract...")const simpleStorage = await SimpleStorageFactory.deploy()await simpleStorage.deployed()console.log(`Deployed contract to: ${simpleStorage.address}`) if (network.config.chainId === 5 && process.env.ETHERSCAN_API_KEY) {console.log("Waiting for block confirmations...")await simpleStorage.deployTransaction.wait(6)await verify(simpleStorage.address, [])}}const verify = async (contractAddress, args) => {console.log("Verifying contract...")try {await run("verify:verify", {address: contractAddress,constructorArguments: args,})} catch (e) {if (e.message.toLowerCase().includes("already verified")) {console.log("Already Verified!")} else {console.log(e)}}}// mainmain().then(() => process.exit(0)).catch((error) => {console.error(error)process.exit(1)})

• 验证合约

如果用的使用了clash代理的话开启Tun模式，否则可能会报Connect Timeout Error

yarn hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network goerli或yarn hardhat verify --network goerli 0x2e3C64c769DAbAC7587dEa70cA23164EEE3d9596 --show-stack-tracesyarn run v1.22.19$ D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc\node_modules\.bin\hardhat verify --network goerli 0x2e3C64c769DAbAC7587dEa70cA23164EEE3d9596 --show-stack-tracesNothing to compileSuccessfully submitted source code for contractcontracts/SimpleStorage.sol:SimpleStorage at 0x2e3C64c769DAbAC7587dEa70cA23164EEE3d9596for verification on the block explorer. Waiting for verification result...Successfully verified contract SimpleStorage on Etherscan.https://goerli.etherscan.io/address/0x2e3C64c769DAbAC7587dEa70cA23164EEE3d9596#codeDone in 30.38s.

2. 通过hardhat与合约交互

在deploy.js的main方法中新增如下代码

async function main() {......const currentValue = await simpleStorage.retrieve()console.log(`Current Value is: ${currentValue}`)// Update the current valueconst transactionResponse = await simpleStorage.store(7)await transactionResponse.wait(1)const updatedValue = await simpleStorage.retrieve()console.log(`Updated Value is: ${updatedValue}`)}

运行及结果展示：

(base) PS D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc> yarn hardhat run scripts/deploy.jsyarn run v1.22.19$ D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc\node_modules\.bin\hardhat run scripts/deploy.jsDeploying contract...Deployed contract to: 0x5FbDB2315678afecb367f032d93F642f64180aa3Current Value is: 0Updated Value is: 7Done in 3.62s.

3.自定义hardhat任务

• 新建tasks/block-number.js

const { task } = require("hardhat/config")task("block-number", "Prints the current block number").setAction(async (taskArgs, hre) => {const blockNumber = await hre.ethers.provider.getBlockNumber()console.log(`Current block number: ${blockNumber}`)})module.exports = {}

• 在hardhat.config.js中新增配置

require("./tasks/block-number")

• 运行yarn hardhat命令

// 可以看到出现了任务AVAILABLE TASKS:block-numberPrints the current block number

• 运行yarn hardhat block-number --network goerli查看最新区块号

(base) PS D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc> yarn hardhat block-number --network goerliyarn run v1.22.19$ D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc\node_modules\.bin\hardhat block-number --network goerliCurrent block number: 7779125Done in 14.01s.

4.hardhat本地节点

• 运行yarn hardhat node查看本地节点信息

(base) PS D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc> yarn hardhat nodeyarn run v1.22.19$ D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc\node_modules\.bin\hardhat nodeStarted HTTP and WebSocket JSON-RPC server at http://127.0.0.1:8545/Accounts========WARNING: These accounts, and their private keys, are publicly known.Any funds sent to them on Mainnet or any other live network WILL BE LOST.Account #0: 0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266 (10000 ETH)Private Key: 0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80Account #1: 0x70997970C51812dc3A010C7d01b50e0d17dc79C8 (10000 ETH)Private Key: 0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d

• 在hardhat.config.js中新增网络配置

module.exports = {networks: {localhost: {url: "http://127.0.0.1:8545/",chainId: 31337}}};

• 新启动shell窗口并运行yarn hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network localhost

(base) PS D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc> yarn hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network localhost yarn run v1.22.19$ D:\blockchain\blockchain\hardhat-simple-storage-fcc\node_modules\.bin\hardhat run scripts/deploy.js --network localhostDeploying contract...Deployed contract to: 0x5FbDB2315678afecb367f032d93F642f64180aa3Current Value is: 0Updated Value is: 7

• 切换到node窗口可看到本地交易信息

• 在新启动的shell窗口中运行yarn hardhat console --network localhost我们即可在控制台与合约交互

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