制作蓝牙小车

制作控制蓝牙小车app

想制作一个蓝牙小车，通过手机app程序操控小车运行，制作分三个部分（app制作，蓝牙小车硬件制作，小车程序制作），先完成第一个部分app制作，本次app是通过androidstudio软件来制作安卓应用程序

一、添加权限

在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加权限

<!-- 蓝牙操作权限 --><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/><!-- 蓝牙配对权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/><!--仅在支持BLE（蓝牙4.0及以上）的设备上运行--><uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le" android:required="true"/><!--如果Android6.0蓝牙搜索不到设备，需要补充以下两个权限--><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />

二、设计界面

这里需要新建一个连接蓝牙的界面以及活动，这里新建的连接蓝牙活动取名Bluetooth_set

主界面

连接蓝牙界面

界面设计比较简单，无非就是布局和控件id设置

三、功能实现

MainActivity.java文件代码

package com.example.myapplication_ble_hc7;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.content.Intent;import android.graphics.Color;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.MotionEvent;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.IOException;import static com.example.myapplication_ble_hc7.Bluetooth_set.bluetoothSocket;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);Button button_set =findViewById(R.id.button_set);button_set.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View view) {Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, Bluetooth_set.class);startActivity(intent);//跳转到设置界面}});final Button button_go =findViewById(R.id.button_go);button_go.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);final Button button_left =findViewById(R.id.button_left);button_left.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);final Button button_right =findViewById(R.id.button_right);button_right.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);final Button button_stop =findViewById(R.id.button_back);button_stop.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);TextView textView =findViewById(R.id.textView2);if(bluetoothSocket==null){textView.setText("蓝牙未经连接");textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);}else {textView.setText("蓝牙已经连接");textView.setBackgroundColor(Color.BLUE);}button_go.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {switch (motionEvent.getAction()){case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:send(1);button_go.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);break;case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:send(0);button_go.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);break;}return true;}});button_left.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {switch (motionEvent.getAction()){case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:send(2);button_left.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);break;case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:send(0);button_left.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);break;}return true;}});button_right.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {switch (motionEvent.getAction()){case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:send(3);button_right.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);break;case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:send(0);button_right.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);break;}return true;}});button_stop.setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {@Overridepublic boolean onTouch(View view, MotionEvent motionEvent) {switch (motionEvent.getAction()){case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:send(4);button_stop.setBackgroundColor(Color.RED);break;case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:send(0);button_stop.setBackgroundColor(Color.GREEN);break;}return true;}});}public void send(int intData){if(bluetoothSocket==null) {//先判断是否连接Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"设备未连接",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}else {try {bluetoothSocket.getOutputStream().write(intData);//建立数据库} catch (IOException e) { }}}}

在Bluetooth_set.java文件中代码

package com.example.myapplication_ble_hc7;import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.os.Bundle;import android.view.View;import android.widget.AdapterView;import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.ListView;import android.widget.Toast;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Set;import java.util.UUID;public class Bluetooth_set extends AppCompatActivity {public static BluetoothSocket bluetoothSocket;UUID MY_UUID=UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb");//符合uuid格式就行ArrayList<String> ble_list =new ArrayList<>();//创建数组列表ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> ble=new ArrayList<>();//用来存放蓝牙设备@SuppressLint("MissingPermission")@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_bluetooth_set);Button button_back = findViewById(R.id.button_back);ListView listView =findViewById(R.id.ble_list);button_back.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onClick(View view) {Intent intent = new Intent(Bluetooth_set.this, MainActivity.class);startActivity(intent);//返回到主界面}});BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();//获取设备if (bluetoothAdapter == null) {//判断设备是否支持蓝牙Toast.makeText(Bluetooth_set.this, "注意：设备不支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();} else {Toast.makeText(Bluetooth_set.this, "设备支持蓝牙", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}if (!bluetoothAdapter.isEnabled()) { //判断设备是否打开蓝牙 // bluetoothAdapter.enable();//打开蓝牙Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent,1); //通过意图打开蓝牙}Set<BluetoothDevice> device = bluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();//获取已经配对的设备，并存放到列表if(device.size()>0){ for(BluetoothDevice mdevice:device){ ble.add(mdevice);//添加蓝牙 ble_list.add(mdevice.getName());//将获取的蓝牙名称添加到列表 }}ArrayAdapter<String> view_list=new ArrayAdapter<>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1,ble_list);//创建列表显示的适配器listView.setAdapter(view_list);//显示在列表里面listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {@Overridepublic void onItemClick(AdapterView<" />> adapterView, View view, int i, long l) { // BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice =ble.get(i);//获取需要单击的蓝牙try {bluetoothSocket=ble.get(i).createInsecureRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID);//获取需要单击的蓝牙,并且连接填入UUIDbluetoothSocket.connect();//蓝牙连接} catch (IOException e) {}Toast.makeText(Bluetooth_set.this, "蓝牙："+ble.get(i).getName()+"已经连接", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}});}}

四、效果呈现

把蓝牙先连接到电脑

安卓设备连接蓝牙并发送数据，下面是接收数据情况，我这边分别使用0,1,2,3,4表示停、前进、左转、右转、后退

第一阶段app程序暂时通过验证，接下来制作蓝牙小车